Women roles in different countries

Women roles in different countries

Firstly, when I decided to write an article about women roles all over the World I went googling. My search query was "Women roles in different countries". And I saw that Google Ad showed me these ads on the first page. 

This situation shows the importance of discussion. 

Gender stereotypes

The biggest difference in attitudes they found was that now both genders are judged to be equally responsible for financial obligations, whereas 30 years ago they had not been.

But the belief that men should repair and maintain cars has not changed over the time, and the idea that men are less likely to look after the house and children has actually increased.

Psychologists in New Jersey compared attitudes towards gender stereotypes from around 200 college students 1983 and 2014, and found they have not changed much over that time.

Women now represent 47 percent of the US workforce, compared to 38 percent in the mid-1980s, according to the study.

In sports, there was a rapid acceleration of women participating in athletics at both the high school and the college levels after 1972 when a law came into force in the US prohibiting discrimination in sports based on sex. 

Girls made up only 7 percent of high school athletes in 1971 to 1972 but that number is now more than 40 per cent.

College participation rates increased sixfold in the same time period. In 2012, 57 percent of women graduated with a bachelor's degree compared to 40 per cent in the early 80s, according to the study, which is out today in Psychology of Women Quarterly. 

But these changes do not seem to be reflected in peoples' attitudes, the researchers found.

'Previous research has shown that there are very few sex differences between men and women, but that people do tend to exaggerate the extent to which men and women differ.'

The study shows more people think men are more likely to avoid 'traditional' female roles such as taking care of children and looking after the house than they did in 1983. 

Traditional roles

Since the 1950s, women’s labor force participation has risen steadily in most countries. Over the past four decades, in step with this growth, many countries have witnessed noticeable shifts in expectations of gender roles. Despite these trends, however, traditional gender roles are still prevalent in many societies.

So-called traditional gender perspectives encourage married women to put their educational aspirations and career goals on the back burner and focus on starting a family and raising children while their husbands work full time. This gender-based division of labor often leads to opportunity gaps that keep women from leveraging their academic and professional skills to the fullest.

In this brief, we focus on two different notions of gender roles:

• Men and women should spend the same amount of time on family responsi- bilities, but men should specialize in some domains (such as earning income) and women in others (such as taking care of family members). We label this perspective equal time/specialized roles.
• Men and women should share responsibility in all domains (such as earning income and taking care of family members). We label this perspective equal responsibilities. 

As shown in Figure 1 below, five of the seven countries have mean scores of 5.0 or higher for the equal responsibilities perspective: Brazil, India, The Netherlands, U.K., and U.S. For the equal time/specialized roles perspective, the same countries report quite a low mean score: less than 2.3. China and Japan, in contrast, report the lowest average scores for the equal responsibilities perspective and the highest scores for the equal time/specialized roles perspective. 

Men vs. women: How much time spent on kids, job, chores?

Gender roles have evolved in different cultures in different ways around the world, but they can be tied back to core values of their societies. In no part of the world are gender roles fixed in place, and the continuing ways that gender roles evolve will be highly interesting to men and women alike.

BY KRIS 

Sourses:

http://www.cultura.va/content/dam/cultura/docs/pdf/Traccia_en.pdf 

http://www.bc.edu/content/dam/files/research_sites/agingandwork/pdf/publications/QI1_aWomanPlace.pdf